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Wednesday, October 26, 2011
Thursday, October 20, 2011
Historical Influences
1. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck was a heavy influence on Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection.
2. Lamarck observed the correlation between a species and its environment. He was the first to try to develop a theory explaining evolution known as the use-disuse theory or the inheritance of acquired characteristics. This theory suggested that because of the environment an animal would change over time as needed. Though the theory wasn't correct, Lamarck's contribution was the first and therefore the foundation for all works following. Whether added evidence was in support of or against Lamarck's theory, it was added because he drew attention to the matter. As Charles Darwin said himself: "[Lamarck] first did the eminent service of arousing attention to the probability of all changes in the organic, as well as in the inorganic world, being the result of law, and not of miraculous interposition."
Alternate information source: http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/lamarck.html
3. If the environment changes, the traits that are helpful or adaptive to that environment will be different. Darwin built on Lamarck's idea that environment has a direct role in a species' development through evolution. Larmarck suggested that animal parts would change over time because of their environment. With this theory as a platform for evolution, Darwin realized that individuals with in a species would survive better with certain parts because of their environment - also known as his theory of natural selection.
4. Indirectly, no. Lamarck's theories were attacked then and are dismissed now, but the simple act of starting a first theory to build upon set the foundation of knowledge that Darwin was born into. Also, the use-disuse theory challenged the fixity of species, which at the time was not popular. Though Darwin still received opposition in his theory of natural selection, Lamarck helped to break the wind against evolution.
5. Darwin received pressures from various sources because of religious influence. First of all, Darwin's wife felt that his theory of natural section conflicted with her religious beliefs. Also, theories against the fixity of species were controversial and highly unpopular. This would be a hinderance not only to him and his work, but to Darwin's friends in high positions also. The effect of the pressures was a delayed publishing of Darwin's theories.
2. Lamarck observed the correlation between a species and its environment. He was the first to try to develop a theory explaining evolution known as the use-disuse theory or the inheritance of acquired characteristics. This theory suggested that because of the environment an animal would change over time as needed. Though the theory wasn't correct, Lamarck's contribution was the first and therefore the foundation for all works following. Whether added evidence was in support of or against Lamarck's theory, it was added because he drew attention to the matter. As Charles Darwin said himself: "[Lamarck] first did the eminent service of arousing attention to the probability of all changes in the organic, as well as in the inorganic world, being the result of law, and not of miraculous interposition."
Alternate information source: http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/lamarck.html
3. If the environment changes, the traits that are helpful or adaptive to that environment will be different. Darwin built on Lamarck's idea that environment has a direct role in a species' development through evolution. Larmarck suggested that animal parts would change over time because of their environment. With this theory as a platform for evolution, Darwin realized that individuals with in a species would survive better with certain parts because of their environment - also known as his theory of natural selection.
4. Indirectly, no. Lamarck's theories were attacked then and are dismissed now, but the simple act of starting a first theory to build upon set the foundation of knowledge that Darwin was born into. Also, the use-disuse theory challenged the fixity of species, which at the time was not popular. Though Darwin still received opposition in his theory of natural selection, Lamarck helped to break the wind against evolution.
5. Darwin received pressures from various sources because of religious influence. First of all, Darwin's wife felt that his theory of natural section conflicted with her religious beliefs. Also, theories against the fixity of species were controversial and highly unpopular. This would be a hinderance not only to him and his work, but to Darwin's friends in high positions also. The effect of the pressures was a delayed publishing of Darwin's theories.
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